bayonne france population

[80] Monseigneur Marc Aillet has been the bishop of this diocese since 15 October 2008. In the process the Bayonne Statute was initialed as the first Spanish constitution. The most well-known object found is a bird bone with three holes in it in the shape of a txistu. [Note 22][FL 2], During the Second World War, Bayonne was occupied by the 3rd SS Panzer Division Totenkopf from 27 June 1940 to 23 August 1944. [76], The port of Bayonne is located at the mouth of the Adour, downstream of the city. The recurring French-Spanish conflict between 1512 and 1659 and the French Wars of Religion that lasted 30 years sowed terror and misery. [3] Administration Bayonne is a sous-prfecture in the Pyrnes-Atlantiques department since 1800. Trade was the wealth of the city in the 18th century but suffered greatly in the 19th century, severely sanctioned by conflict with Spain, its historic trading partner in the region. Neither Basque nor any of the other regional languages in France, such as Catalan, Breton or Occitan, have official recognition in France. The current arena, opened in 1893, is the largest in South-west France with more than 10,000 seats. In the absence of accurate objective data there is some credence to the probable existence of a fishing village on the site in a period prior to ancient times. In 1846, the Central Consistory moved to Saint-Esprit which was integrated with Bayonne in 1857. Le recensement de la population permet de connatre la diversit et l'volution de la population de la France. In 2012, the French government proposed the creation of a single commonwealth for all of the towns in French Basque Country, under two conditions: being approved by at least half of the 158 communes in the historic territory, and that at least half of the nearly 300,000 residents be represented within this historic territory. An annual summer festival has been held in the commune since 1932 for five days[Note 32] organized around parades, bulls races, fireworks, and music in the Basque and Gascon tradition. Bayonne is located at the confluence of the Nive and Adour rivers in the northern part of the cultural region of the Basque Country. [PH 4]. [PiH 1], In the 1st century AD, during the Roman occupation, Bayonne already seems to have been of some importance since the Romans surrounded the city with a wall to keep out the Tarbelli, Aquitani, or the proto-Basque who then occupied a territory that extended south of modern-day Landes, to the modern French Basque country, the Chalosse, the valleys of the Adour, the mountain streams of Pau, Pyrnes-Atlantiques, and to the Gave d'Oloron. In fact they never hesitated to use violence and criminal sanctions for keeping order in the name of the "public good". It is served by TGV, Intercits, Intercits de nuit, and TER Nouvelle-Aquitaine trains (to Hendaye, Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port, Dax, Bordeaux, Pau, and Tarbes). [3] The lands to the south of the Adour became Labourd, encompassing initially a bigger region than the later territory around the Nive (Errobi) and the coast. In 1790 the Lower Pyrenees department project arrived, uniting the ancient Basque countries with Barn. [11], The names of the Basque province of Labourd and the locality of Bayonne have been attested from an early period with the place name Bayonne appearing in the Latin form Lapurdum after a period during which the two names could in turn designate a Viscounty or Bishopric. On 1 January 2017, the Agglomerate Community of Basque Country,[13][14] was created: an intercommunal cooperation movement (EPCI), which promotes a greater level of autonomy, with the French administrative categorization as an official territorial administrative structure with greater abilities than a pays, but fewer than a French department, and that is made up of a union of ten commonwealths and 157 of the 159 Basque communes, plus one Barnese community. Pyrnes-Atlantiques . Although the Northern Basque Country is part of the Pyrnes-Atlantiques for most administrative entities, it does have its own Chamber of Commerce (the CCI Bayonne-Pays-Basque) and a distinct economy with a pole of competences around the boardsports industry including companies such as Quiksilver and Volcom based on the Basque Coast. The department of the Pyrnes-Atlantiques is divided into three districts or arrondissements: The Arrondissement of Bayonne, the Arrondissement of Oloron-Sainte-Marie, and the Arrondissement of Pau. They often wavered between Catholicism and Protestantism but always wanted to ensure the unity and prestige of the city.[35]. [PH 7], In the late Quaternary, the current topographic physiognomy was formedi.e. It is home to a wooden Flight into Egypt sculpture. a set of hills overlooking a swampy lowland. [FL 4] According to Franois Lafitte Houssat, "[] a municipal ordinance of 1327 provided for the imprisonment of any quarrellsome woman of bad character in an iron cage dropped into the waters of the Nive River from the bridge. Modern industrymetallurgy and chemicalshave been established to take advantage of procurement opportunities and sea shipments through the harbour. Bayonne came under English rule when Eleanor of Aquitaine married Henry II of England in 1152. Starting from the 2015 French departmental elections which took place on 22 and 29 March, a new division took effect following the decree of 25 February 2014[50] Once again three cantons centred on Bayonne are defined: Bayonne-1with part of Anglet; Bayonne-2which includes Boucau; and Bayonne-3 now define the cantonal territorial division of the area. The south tower was completed in the 16th century but the cathedral was only completed in the 19th century with the north tower. The commune was part of the Basque province of Labourd. Named Lapurdum, the name became the name of the province of Labourd. Hendaye (Bayonne, Pyrnes-Atlantiques, France) - Population Statistics [citation needed], Azure, a tower embattled and ramparted of Argent, wavy proper in base, cantoned to dexter with a letter N crowned of Or, between two pines Vert each fructed of seven Or and set with fruit pal, debruised by two lions langued confronting.[13]. Prsentation; . It is said by some that Bayonne is the birthplace of mayonnaise, supposedly a corruption of Bayonnaise, the French adjective describing the city's people and produce. It was constructed in the 12th and 13th centuries. United Nations Location Code. Name Status Population Census 1975-02-20 Population . During the second half of the 20th century, many housing estates were built, forming new districts on the periphery. The French Basque Country included three pre-existing historic territories before the departmental division of France in 1789, with a few modifications: The most important city in the territory is Bayonne (French: Bayonne, in Gascon and Basque: Baiona). In the four layers of sub-soil along the foundation of the Gothic cathedral (in the "apse of the cathedral" area) a 2-metre depth was found of old objects from the end of the 1st centuryin particular sigillated Gallic ceramics from Montans imitating Italian styles, thin-walled bowls, and fragments of amphorae. The Association des lus[10] is an association that groups political posts such as regional councilors, general councilors and mayors of the French Basque Country, from both political spectrums, whose goal is to achieve the division of the Pyrnes-Atlantiques department into Basque and Barnese departments respectively (24 of the existing mainland departments have smaller populations than the French Basque Country). 2 public colleges (Albert Camus and Marracq colleges), 5 private colleges (La Salle Saint-Bernard, Saint Joseph, Saint-Amand, Notre-Dame and Largent) which meet the criteria of the first cycle of second degree studies. These remarks are not the result of a statistical study of the data presented; they are only indicative. [58] The river is part of the Natura 2000 network from its source at Bagnres-de-Bigorre to its exit to the Atlantic Ocean after Bayonne, between Tarnos (Landes) for the right bank and Anglet (Pyrnes-Atlantiques) for the left bank. [42] However, although the duchy made its payments in installments to France over a four-year period, Prussia was unable to pay it (due to a very large indemnity it owed to France resulting from Treaties of Tilsit), causing the Polish economy to suffer heavily. 1 reference. [8] There are different interpretations of its meaning. In 1851, the first Lore Jokoak took place in Urrua (restored floral games tradition) organized by a scholar of Basque-Irish origin, Antoine d'Abbadie (Anton Abbadia), followed by several more editions up to 1897. . [citation needed]. Together with nearby Anglet, Biarritz, Saint-Jean-de-Luz, as well as several smaller communes, Bayonne forms an urban area with 273,137 inhabitants at the 2018 census; 51,411 residents lived in the commune of Bayonne proper. The city is a member of the Union of French bullfighting cities. Bayonne flourished after regaining the maritime trade that it had lost for more than a hundred years. Bayonne Postal address. With the conquest of the castles of Maulon and Bayonne in 1449 and 1451 respectively, Labourd and Soule were under the domain of the French crown. [Note 16] The Port took on an industrial look but its slow decline seemed inexorable in the 19th century. Now an exhibition space, it was started by the newly arrived French in 1460 to control the city. The development of areas between the old Roman city of Grand Bayonne and the Nive also developed during this period, then between the Nive and the Adour at the place that became Petit Bayonne. [citation needed] Novempopulania was renamed Vasconia and then Gascony after a Germanic deformation (resulting from the Visigoth and Frankish invasions). From 1611 to 1612 the college Principal of Bayonne was a man of 26 years old with a future: Cornelius Jansen known as Jansnius, the future Bishop of Ypres. The soldiers of Wellington's army who died besieging the citadelle in 1813 are buried in the nearby English Cemetery, visited by Queen Victoria and other British dignitaries when staying in Biarritz. One and two family homes, small apartment buildings, and small business predominate. 6 metres (20 feet) IATA airport code. At the time the Spanish Inquisition raged in the Iberian Peninsula Spanish and Portuguese Jews fled Spain and also later, Portugal, then settled in Southern France, including in Saint-Esprit (Pyrnes-Atlantiques), a northern district of Bayonne located along the northern bank of the Adour river. In a first revision of cantons in 1973 three cantons were created from the same total; geographic area: Bayonne North, Bayonne East, and Bayonne West. [Note 3] In the "southern sector" near the cloister door there were objects from the second half of the 1st century as well as coins from the first half of the 3rd century. [citation needed] In 1814, Bayonne and its surroundings were the scene of fighting between the Napoleonic troops and the Spanish-Anglo-Portuguese coalition led by the Duke of Wellington. In 1677 it was translated to Basque by Pierre Etxeberri. [70] Bayonne is also served by services from the Landes departmental network, XL'R.[71]. Population de Bayonne (64100) Villes Pyrnes-Atlantiques Bayonne Dmographie Population de Bayonne (64100) Voir aussi : Saint-Pierre-d'Irube Boucau Anglet Tarnos Sommaire Nombre d'habitants. [76][87], The port also receives Ford and General Motors vehicles from Spain and Portugal and wood both tropical and from Landes. Pierre de Lancre was responsible for the witch hunt in Labourd. The museum is one of the best galleries in south west France and has paintings by Edgar Degas, El Greco, Sandro Botticelli, and Francisco Goya, among others. French Basque Country includes all of Bayonne and Canton of Montagne Basque in Oloron-Sainte-Marie. The 25-year-old Philipsen, who won two stages in last year's race, was expertly led to the front by his . Over time, the "Seneschal of the Sword" which was at Dax lost any role other than protocol and Bayonne, along with Dax and Saint-Sever, became the de facto seat of a separate Seneschal under the authority of a "lieutenant-general of the Seneschal". [43][44], The 249th Infantry Regiment, created from the 49th Infantry Regiment, was engaged in operations in the First World War, including action at Chemin des Dames, especially on the plateau of Craonne. Bayonne and Biarritz (BAB) are its chief towns, included in the Basque Eurocity Bayonne-San Sebastin Euroregion. [Note 2] On the other hand, the presence of a mound about 14 metres (46 feet) high has been detected in the current Cathedral Quarter overlooking the Nive which formed a natural protection and a usable port on the left bank of the Nive. In early Roman times, the region was initially known as Aquitania, but by the end of the 3rd century, when use of the name Aquitania was extended to cover the region up to the river Loire, as Novempopulania (Aquitania Tertia). [42] The debt, amounting to more than 43 million francs in gold, was bought at a discounted rate of 21 million francs. After Axular's accomplished book, other Basque writing authors followed suit, especially in Labourd, a district thriving on whale hunting. XBY. Bayonne (Arrondissement, Pyrnes-Atlantiques, France) - Population However it is possible to see a pre-Celtic suffix -ona in the name of the Charente (Karantona in 875) or the Charentonne (Carentona in 1050).[10]. [12], Labourd and Bayonne were synonymous and used interchangeably until the 12th century before being differentiated: Labord for the province and Bayonne for the city. The climate of Bayonne is relatively similar to that of its neighbour Biarritz, described below, with fairly heavy rainfall; the oceanic climate is due to the proximity of the Atlantic Ocean. [53][54], Bayonne has twinning associations with:[55]. In the north of what is now French Basque Country, these (toponyms) become more frequent: e.g., Loupiac and Gaillan. During this period, northern Basques very likely participated in the successive battles of Roncevaux against the Franks, in 778, 812 and 824. Bayonne tourism - Pays Basque Official website of Bayonne Tourist Office The occupation of the hill that dominates this narrowing of the valley developed through a gradual spread across the lowlands. [clarification needed] On July 22, the Treaty of Basel was signed and the conflict ended, giving rise to a period of relative peace and prosperity.[27]. [12] The attribution of Bayonne as Civitas Boatium, a place mentioned in the Antonine Itinerary and by Paul Raymond in his 1863 dictionary, has been abandoned. [22], In conclusion, the strategic importance of this height was so obvious it must be presumed that it has always been inhabited. The city is served by three interchangestwo of them on the A63: exit 6 (Bayonne Nord) serves the northern districts of Bayonne but also allows quick access to the centre while exit 5 (Bayonne Sud) provides access to the south and also serves Anglet. Bayonne (French:[bajn] (listen); Basque: Baiona [bai.ona]; Gascon: Baiona [bajun]; Spanish: Bayona) is a city in Southwestern France near the Spanish border. On the coast, where the largest cities are located, the predominant language is French, for example, in the Bayonne-Anglet-Biarritz agglomeration, Basque is spoken by 10% of the population. These are based on the notion of a country in the traditional sense, as a society belonging to a place, culture, etc., promoting the organization and development of the territory in a global manner. Adolf Schulten, 1927, Revista Internacional de los Estudios Vascos. [FL 1] [Note 20] A centre for engagement of foreign volunteers was established in August 1914 in Bayonne. [EG 6][Note 12], Jean de Dunois a former companion at arms of Joan of Arccaptured the city on 20 August 1451 and annexed it to the Crown "without making too many victims", but at the cost of a war indemnity of 40,000 gold cus payable in a year,[PH 1]thanks to the opportunism of the bishop who claimed to have seen "a large white cross surmounted by a crown which turns into a fleur-de-lis in the sky" to dissuade Bayonne from fighting against the royal troops.
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